Which term is characterized by an excessive display of learning or scholarship?

The term that refers to an excessive display of learning or scholarship is "pedantic." In literary criticism and rhetoric, a pedantic style often involves a focus on minutiae and an ostentatious emphasis on formal rules, which can come across as excessively concerned with academic correctness or details that may not contribute significantly to the overall understanding or enjoyment of a work. This display can detract from the substance of the discussion, as it prioritizes showcasing knowledge rather than engaging with the material in a more relatable or meaningful way.

The other terms do not pertain to the characteristic of excessive display of learning. "Paraphrase" refers to restating text or speech in your own words, focusing on clarity rather than exhibition of knowledge. "Pathos" is an appeal to emotion, emphasizing sentiment rather than intellectualism. "Parody" involves imitation of a style for comic effect, rather than showcasing scholarly prowess. Each of these terms highlights different aspects of literature and rhetoric, but none align with the notion of being overly pedantic.