Which style of literature focuses on everyday situations and characters?

Realism is the style of literature that specifically seeks to portray everyday situations and characters in a way that reflects ordinary life. This movement emerged in the 19th century as a reaction against the heightened emotionalism and idealized portrayals found in Romanticism. Realist writers strive to present a truthful and unembellished depiction of life as it truly is, often focusing on the middle and lower classes and the struggles they face in a detailed and straightforward manner.

The focus on the mundane aspects of life allows readers to connect with the characters and their experiences on a deeper level, as the narratives often explore themes of social issues, personal relationships, and the complexities of daily existence. Writers such as Gustave Flaubert, Anton Chekhov, and Henry James exemplify this style by immersing their readers in the realities of their characters' lives.

In contrast, Romanticism emphasizes elevated emotion and nature, Modernism tends to experiment with form and often reflects on alienation and the discontent of the modern world, while Surrealism seeks to tap into the unconscious and explore dream-like scenarios. These differing focuses highlight why Realism stands out as the correct answer in this context.