What term refers to the insertion of an earlier event into the normal chronological order of a narrative?

The correct term for the insertion of an earlier event into the normal chronological order of a narrative is "flashback." A flashback is a narrative technique used by authors to provide background or context to the current events in the story. By employing flashbacks, writers can reveal important information about characters, their motivations, or pivotal moments that shaped the story's present circumstances. This technique allows readers to gain a deeper understanding of the characters’ past experiences and how those experiences influence their current actions and decisions.

Other terms, while related, do not convey the same concept. A prologue typically serves as an introductory section of a narrative, establishing characters, setting, or themes before the main story begins but does not disrupt the chronological flow of the storyline. Backstory refers to the history of a character or situation but does not specifically denote the act of interrupting the narrative with scenes from the past, which is what a flashback does. Chronicle implies a detailed and factual record of events but lacks the narrative complexity of a real-time interruption that a flashback provides.