What term is used to describe a character who opposes the protagonist's goals?

The term that describes a character who opposes the protagonist's goals is "antagonist." In literary terms, the antagonist serves as a key figure who creates conflict within the narrative, challenging the protagonist and driving the plot forward. This opposition can manifest in various ways, such as through direct confrontation, ideological disagreements, or by presenting obstacles the protagonist must overcome to achieve their objectives.

Understanding the role of the antagonist is crucial, as they provide the necessary tension and stakes that highlight the protagonist's journey and growth. In contrast, allies support the protagonist, while mentors guide them, and the protagonist is the central character around whom the story revolves. This dynamic between protagonist and antagonist is fundamental to storytelling, as it shapes the characters' development and the overall thematic elements of the work.