What literary technique involves a character speaking to themselves, revealing their thoughts?

The literary technique that involves a character speaking to themselves, revealing their thoughts, is known as a soliloquy. A soliloquy allows an audience to gain insight into a character's inner thoughts and emotions, often expressing their feelings or contemplating a decision without the influence of other characters. This technique is commonly found in drama, particularly in Shakespearean plays, where characters often reflect on their personal dilemmas and motivations.

While a monologue also involves one character speaking at length, it may be directed towards other characters or the audience rather than being an internal reflection. Dialogue refers to the spoken exchanges between two or more characters, which focuses on interaction rather than solitary thought. An aside is a brief remark made by a character, typically meant to be heard by the audience but not by other characters, which may not delve into deep introspection like a soliloquy does. Therefore, the soliloquy is the precise term for this literary technique of self-reflection.